Colloquiam: Documents published in 2022

Hurtos y estrategias de apropiación y encubrimiento en la «Descripción general del mundo» (1684) de Pedro Cubero

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 10:15:43 +0100

En 1684, el afamado misionero Pedro Cubero publica en Nápoles la llamada Descripción general del mundo y notables sucesos de él. Según el título del texto y las propias explicaciones de Cubero, esta obra pretendía repasar los principales acontecimientos de la historia universal, así como una visión panorámica de la geografía física y humana de las cuatro partes del mundo. Sin embargo, un rápido vistazo del texto demuestra lo incoherente de su resultado, pues este se centra casi por entero en tratar los orígenes y la conquista del Tahuantinsuyo. La causa de esta incongruencia resulta clara: el libro de Cubero es un enorme plagio de la Miscelánea Antártica de Miguel Cabello Valboa. Nuestro estudio pretende analizar los mecanismos empleados por Cubero para hacer suya la obra de Cabello Valboa y ocultar su hurto. Asimismo, trataremos de especular acerca de las posibles causas de esta maniobra del misionero, de acuerdo a su trayectoria vital y literaria.

Jerónimo de Negrilla, bordador de la reina (1617-1623). Hipótesis sobre «El retrato de un bordador» atribuido a Bartolomé González (1608-1627)

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 10:14:41 +0100

La posibilidad de retratarse empuja a considerar una posición social y económica de prestigio pues, al margen de los personajes que configuraron las élites de poder, existieron otros individuos que lograron inmortalizar su efigie. El presente estudio expone la posibilidad de que uno de los bordadores del rey o de la reina pudiera haber sido retratado por la mano de Bartolomé González.

Sobre la transmisión de la leyenda de san Bartolomé y su dramatización en «Las cadenas del Demonio» de Pedro Calderón de la Barca

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 10:14:01 +0100

En este artículo, se busca explicar la transmisión de la leyenda del apóstol Bartolomé haciendo énfasis en las diferencias que presentan las hagiografías que relatan su historia. Además, se revisan las hipótesis que se han formulado respecto de la fuente principal de Calderón para la composición de Las cadenas del Demonio, comedia inspirada en el martirio del apóstol Bartolomé. Finalmente, se busca determinar la fuente más probable para la escritura de esta comedia.

Nuevas piezas de títulos de comedias. De Calderón a la sátira clandestina (Primera entrega)

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 10:13:20 +0100

Se traza el estado de la cuestión hasta la fecha de los textos «de títulos de comedias», que fueron una moda en el siglo XVII y comienzos del XVIII, y se publican nueve piezas inéditas conservadas (amorosas y satíricas) en distintos manuscritos de la Biblioteca Nacional de España.

Horacio en las «Empresas morales» de Juan de Borja. La empresa XCIV

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 10:12:30 +0100

Juan de Borja publica en 1581 las Empresas morales, obra en la que, a través de la combinación de texto e imagen, ejercita el disimulo, estrategia nacida entonces que posibilita el juego político y el cumplimiento de dogmas religiosos. El presente trabajo, con él como clave de lectura, interpreta el uso de Horacio de la empresa XCIV.

Reseña de Raúl Marrero-Fente, «"Obra nuevamente compuesta..." de Bartolomé de Flores (1571). Primer poema hispano de los Estados Unidos», presentación de Graciela S. Tomassini, Nueva York, IDEA (Colección Batihoja, 75), 2021, 107 pp. ISBN 978-1- 938795-81-7

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 10:12:19 +0100

Reseña de Raúl Marrero-Fente, «Obra nuevamente compuesta...» de Bartolomé de Flores (1571). Primer poema hispano de los Estados Unidos, presentación de Graciela S. Tomassini, Nueva York, IDEA (Colección Batihoja, 75), 2021, 107 pp. ISBN 978-1- 938795-81-7

Hacia una biblioteca digital de las comedias de Calderón: el proceso del GIC

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 10:11:56 +0100

Tras un breve repaso por el estado de la edición digital académica, se explica el trabajo en la creación de una biblioteca digital de las comedias calderonianas, detallando el proceso de concepción y etiquetado de las ediciones y planteando los próximos pasos y problemas para el futuro.

El atuendo de los príncipes herederos en el juramento de lealtad de las Cortes de Castilla (siglos XVI y XVII)

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 10:10:46 +0100

Durante el gobierno de la Casa de Austria el juramento de lealtad al heredero fue un acontecimiento público revestido de un gran aparato escenográfico, como consecuencia de la implantación de la etiqueta borgoñona en la corte española y la configuración de un uso indumentario que actuó como promoción de la grandeza de la familia real. El presente estudio examina los trajes que vistieron los príncipes de Asturias en tan fastuosa solemnidad y sus magistrales artífices, dando así visibilidad a uno de los aspectos menos conocidos de la misma.

Las «Historias de Tirso de Molina relatadas a los niños» por María Luz Morales: relación con el hipotexto y transcodificación

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 10:09:44 +0100

Este trabajo estudia la adaptación infantil de tres comedias de Tirso de Molina, llevada a cabo por María Luz Morales y publicada durante la Edad de Plata en la colección «Obras maestras al alcance de los niños» de la editorial Araluce. Se analiza la relación entre los hipotextos dramáticos tirsianos y sus hipertextos narrativos, centrándose en los diferentes procedimientos adoptados por la autora a nivel formal y de contenido, y se concluye afirmando que la intención de Morales responde a la necesidad de adecuarse al nuevo receptor infantil y al nuevo contexto cultural y literario.

Relatos de conversión indígena en el Reino de Chile

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 10:08:55 +0100

Este artículo se pregunta por el sentido y función retórica de los relatos de conversión que encontramos en cuatro textos coloniales: el poema épico La Araucana de Alonso de Ercilla y tres crónicas que hablan sobre la guerra de Arauco y la evangelización en el Reino de Chile. Se reconocen, por un lado, relatos de “conversión mortal”, en los que el indígena que se convierte muere inmediatamente después, y un relato de “conversión productiva”, en el que el indígena reproduce la estructura de la familia cristiana tras la conversión. Esta última está representada en la crónica Restauración de la Imperial y conversión de almas infieles del mercedario Juan de Barrenechea y Albis. Estos relatos de conversión aluden tanto a la necesidad como a las limitaciones del proyecto evangelizador de la conquista, a la distancia que hay entre el bautismo y la cristianización “completa” del indígena y a las diversas formas en las que la evangelización se ve entorpecida por la violencia propia de la guerra, la explotación del indígena y la violencia sexual.

Didacticum ludicrum. Contexto de representación y pragmática de la fiesta cortesana «La corte en el Valle» (1660)

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 10:07:58 +0100

La corte en el Valle es una fiesta teatral cortesana de singular hechura metaficcional, que apenas ha recibido atención por parte de la crítica más allá del acontecimiento histórico que inspiró su composición: la Paz de los Pirineos y los desposorios de la infanta María Teresa con Luis XIV en 1660. Una exhaustiva revisión de la documentación conservada, así como el análisis de la obra, dramma in musica, escrita en colaboración entre Avellaneda, Matos y Villaviciosa, arrojan datos novedosos sobre las circunstancias del encargo y la representación de la comedia en Valladolid ligadas al auto calderoniano El lirio y la azucena.

Narración espiritual y digresiones moralizadoras: un análisis de coloquios y descripciones sobre un monasterio cisterciense en «Alonso, mozo de muchos amos» (1624)

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 10:07:17 +0100

Este ensayo propone examinar cómo en un capítulo concreto de la obra más conocida de Alcalá Yáñez y Ribera se combinan partes dialogadas, recursos dialécticos y reflexiones moralizadoras para narrar sobre un monasterio de monjas del Císter. Para ello, se profundizarán los aspectos más llamativos en relación con la figura del protagonista en el marco de la picaresca, la relevancia de los coloquios con un vicario y el tratamiento de lo eclesiástico en Alonso, mozo de muchos amos.

Una iconografía desconocida de la Venerable sor María de Jesús de Ágreda (I). La pintura y la iconología

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 10:06:40 +0100

Sor María de Jesús de Ágreda (1602-1665), fue uno de los personajes femeninos más populares de su tiempo, con una personalidad poliédrica. La pintura inédita que presentamos se revela como una síntesis de sus vivencias místicas, en las que se mezcla la realidad tangible y lo sobrenatural. Para interpretarla, hemos desarrollado una metodología iconológica que enriquece el corpus iconográfico de este personaje, ayudando a la comprensión de su biografía y obra, en el contexto de la mentalidad propia de una época y su posterior interpretación.

La felicidad en el convento: opción femenina en «Ars semper gaudendi» del jesuita Alfons Antoon Sarasa

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 10:06:09 +0100

El primer objetivo de este trabajo consiste en determinar las influencias culturales que se encuentran en la colección oratoria de meditaciones Ars semper gaudendi del jesuita Alfonso Antonio de Sarasa. En segundo lugar, pretendemos anotar las recomendaciones a las mujeres respecto al compromiso de vida, incluso el de las órdenes monásticas, en el contexto de la discusión sobre la libertad, felicidad y predestinación.

Una iconografía desconocida de sor María de Jesús de Ágreda (II): corona de la familia Coronel

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 10:05:17 +0100

Sor María de Jesús de Ágreda, O. I. C., en el siglo María Coronel y Arana, declarada Venerable por la Iglesia Católica, ha sido honrada durante siglos, preservando su memoria en diversas representaciones artísticas. Entre estas, una pintura inédita, analizada en la primera parte, contiene elementos singulares capaces de aportar nuevos datos al conocimiento general del personaje, singularmente el alusivo a su linaje, de presumible origen judeoconverso.

La vida monacal en la obra de la madre Castillo

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 10:04:33 +0100

Son abundantes los trabajos que se han producido en los últimos tiempos sobre la monja neogranadina Francisca Josefa de Castillo, pero ahora pretendemos sustraer de su obra el modo en el que se desarrollaba la vida del monasterio de Santa Clara de Tunja en ese tránsito entre los siglos XVII y XVIII. Costumbres, uso del espacio, convivencia, interferencias del mundo exterior, y todo aquello que nos acerque a lo que era la vida monacal, en la que pasó la vida una de las grandes místicas de la historia del cristianismo, y cómo la concibió ella misma.

El demonio y sus formas en la hagiografía quiteña de Mariana de Jesús Torres

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 10:03:14 +0100

Abordamos el estudio de una autora que ha tenido poca relevancia en la literatura quiteña debido a que su obra no ha sido dada a conocer hasta el siglo XX y está plagada de interpolaciones. Acotamos ese estudio a la figura del demonio, con sus variadas representaciones, que consideramos que ha sido el hilo conductor de la narración y que con su presencia en el monasterio de la Concepción de Quito intervino no solo en la vida de la comunidad, sino también en la de la propia ciudad, en una lucha con Mariana, en la que esta siempre salía vencedora, aunque siempre había un eterno regreso del Maligno.

L’intervento delle monache nella presa di Porto Belo: un falso storico?

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 10:01:52 +0100

Nel 1668 Henry Morgan prese Porto Belo (Panama). L’autore coevo Alexandre Olivier Exquemelin affermò che i filibustieri fecero ricorso a degli scudi umani, compresi frati e monache, per difendersi, sistemare le scale sulla fortezza principale del centro urbano e assaltarla. Tale operazione disonorevole era in linea con la caratura morale dei corsari, nonché imprescindibile dato che l’attacco fu un rapido successo, nonostante l’apparente efficienza delle fortificazioni che cingevano la città. L’obiettivo del presente lavoro è dunque mettere alla prova la veridicità delle dichiarazioni di Exquemelin al riguardo. A tal fine si analizzerà la documentazione manoscritta di produzione spagnola, frutto delle deposizioni di testimoni oculari, per comparare la versione dei fatti che offrirono gli scudi umani stessi con le affermazioni dell’autore. In ultimo si cercheranno le cause che, probabilmente, lo spinsero a distorcere la verità sulle reali modalità dell’attacco.

Describir con imágenes y pintar con palabras. La iglesia del convento de San Bernardo de la Ciudad de México y el poeta Alonso Ramírez de Vargas

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 10:01:07 +0100

Mediante la lectura conjunta de dos fuentes —una relación poética y un documento notarial— no solo se recuperan parte de las características del interior de la iglesia del convento de monjas, sino que se explora la cultura visual novohispana. Sobre la base de la observación del vínculo profundo que unía prácticas artísticas diversas, se examina la circulación de algunas de las ideas centrales de la teoría del arte del siglo XVII a través de su asimilación en complejas formas literarias de apreciación artística. En el Sagrado padrón (1691) —el impreso que celebró la dedicación de la iglesia, describió el edificio y elogió la memoria de su patrono— la prosa y la poesía de Alonso Ramírez de Vargas descubren los sentidos y las funciones de la imagen en la cultura virreinal. Sobre todo, revelan cómo el arte y la literatura construían la presencia de las monjas ocultas tras los muros de la clausura.

Hablar tras las rejas: la vida religiosa en clausura en los monasterios femeninos de las Islas Canarias durante los siglos XVII y XVIII a través del locutorio conventual

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 10:00:32 +0100

A partir de la documentación existente sobre los conventos femeninos de las Islas Canarias, se hace un retrato de la vida religiosa en clausura durante los siglos XVII y XVIII a través del locutorio monástico, detrás de cuyas rejas las monjas podían librar, es decir, hablar y recibir a sus visitas y familiares. Se analiza la forma y ubicación del locutorio, su uso y función socio-religiosa, el perfil social de las visitas, el papel de los endevotados, el modo de vestir y la persistencia de diversas profanidades (convites, danzas, músicas, comedias, romances) pese a la condena de obispos y visitadores.

Reseña de María Jesús Zamora Calvo (ed.), «Women, Witchcraft, and the Inquisition in Spain and the New World», Baton Rouge, Lousiana State University Press, 2021, 214 pp. ISBN: 9780807175613

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 09:59:29 +0100

Reseña de María Jesús Zamora Calvo (ed.), Women, Witchcraft, and the Inquisition in Spain and the New World, Baton Rouge, Lousiana State University Press, 2021, 214 pp. ISBN: 9780807175613

Reseña de Mercedes Fernández Valladares y Alexandra Merle, «Impresos comuneros. Propaganda y legitimación política al fragor de las prensas», Salamanca, Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca, 2021, 122 pp. + 8 facsímiles. ISBN: 978-84- 1311-490-3

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 09:59:18 +0100

Reseña de Mercedes Fernández Valladares y Alexandra Merle, Impresos comuneros. Propaganda y legitimación política al fragor de las prensas, Salamanca, Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca, 2021, 122 pp. + 8 facsímiles. ISBN: 978-84- 1311-490-3

«Los papeles que dejó escritos». Sobre las vidas de Sor María Antonia de la Madre de Dios y Sor Sebastiana Josefa de la Santísima Trinidad

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 09:58:50 +0100

Este artículo analiza dos vidas conventuales novohispanas, escritas por religiosos, que hacen de los documentos previos de sor María Antonia de la Madre de Dios y sor Sebastiana Josefa de la Santísima Trinidad material para su escritura, incorporando en sus relatos pasajes entrecomillados en primera persona. Se analizan las estrategias de reapropiación textual, así como los vínculos con la tradición literaria previa, especialmente a partir de las metáforas corporales. Se tiene también en cuenta el contexto de aparición de un pensamiento criollo y el modo en que se proyecta en los textos.

El modelo épico clásico en la estructura y disposición del «Pelayo» de López Pinciano

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 09:57:37 +0100

En este artículo se realiza un análisis literario de la estructura y disposición de la epopeya Pelayo de López Pinciano mediante su comparación con las de la Odisea y la Eneida. El estudio de las semejanzas y diferencias entre las tres obras arroja luz acerca de cómo López Pinciano ha adaptado en su epopeya diversos elementos estructurales y compositivos de los grandes modelos clásicos para ensalzar la virtud del protagonista como héroe cristiano y fundador ilustre de la monarquía española.

Reseña de Leonor Fernández Guillermo, «Lope de Vega. El arte de la versificación teatral», México, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (Facultad de Filosofía y Letras) / Ediciones del Lirio, 2021, 263 pp. ISBN: 978-607- 8785-20-9

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 09:57:25 +0100

Reseña de Leonor Fernández Guillermo, Lope de Vega. El arte de la versificación teatral, México, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (Facultad de Filosofía y Letras) / Ediciones del Lirio, 2021, 263 pp. ISBN: 978-607- 8785-20-9

El parnaso madrileño de Lope de Vega

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 09:56:18 +0100

La incesante variedad de tonos y modalidades genéricas en la literatura de Lope de Vega nos conduce, en la articulación de los valores simbólicos que constituyen su parnaso madrileño, desde la identificación poética con el motivo bucólico del río Manzanares a la parodia del bucolismo, y desde la crítica de la Babilonia cortesana al orgullo patrio por la centralidad cultural de la corte de los Austrias hispanos. Como se estudia en este artículo, lo que permanece en su escritura es el deseo de vincular su propia trayectoria a la construcción de sus particulares señas de identidad, asociadas al simbolismo de la villa y corte, contribuyendo de este modo a su autocanonización literaria.

La fundación y primeros años del convento de monjas de la Encarnación de Ciudad Real de Chiapa, siglos XVI-XVII

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 09:55:56 +0100

En este artículo se desarrolla el proceso de fundación y primeros años de existencia del convento de monjas de Ciudad Real (hoy San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas, México), en la entonces Provincia de Chiapa, con la revisión de los documentos encontrados en el Archivo General de Indias y el Archivo Histórico Diocesano de San Cristóbal de las Casas. La investigación pretende observar con detenimiento los años fundacionales de una de las instituciones para mujeres más importantes de la región, cuya existencia —extendida hasta el siglo XIX— fue clave para el desarrollo social, económico y educativo de la sociedad chiapaneca.

Archivo Cabeza de Vaca: rebelión y escritura en el Río de la Plata

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 09:55:19 +0100

Este artículo revisa la historia de los archivos que nacieron al calor de la rebelión levantada en Paraguay contra el segundo gobernador del Río de la Plata, Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca, en el año 1544. Se examinarán las lógicas de gestación de estos archivos, los problemas de su traslado y los diferentes usos que se les dio en España, para poner de manifiesto su articulación con problemas propios de la compleja relación entre escritura y dominio colonial en los albores de la Edad Moderna.

Gregorio González en su pícaro: Algunas cuestiones sobre la datación del Buscón a partir del Guitón

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 09:54:22 +0100

Pocos estudiosos de la novela picaresca han dejado de notar la relación transtextual que une El guitón Onofre de Gregorio González y el Buscón de Quevedo. Por ello, se ha propuesto una fuente común de la que beberían ambas obras, la inspiración guitoniana de Quevedo y viceversa. Esta última posibilidad resulta cara a algunos valedores de la composición temprana del Buscón, que han querido ver en ella un argumento para sostenerla. La biografía de González ofrece pistas cruciales conducentes a esclarecer el sentido del flujo inspirativo. El hallazgo durante esta investigación de documentos que revelan aspectos hasta ahora desconocidos sobre la vida de González aconseja, pues, revisar la cuestión a la luz de la nueva evidencia. Considerando esto, parece claro que el Guitón, además de la celestinesca y la primerísima picaresca, tiene una fuerte carga autobiográfica, lo que cuestiona seriamente la hipotética influencia quevediana en la composición de la obra.

Javier Sologuren y los dos Garcilasos: recepción e intertextualidad en «La gruta de la sirena»

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 09:53:26 +0100

Este artículo estudia las relaciones intertextuales que establece Javier Sologuren (Lima, 1921-2004) en su poemario La gruta de la sirena (1961, 1971) con dos autores españoles del Renacimiento: el poeta Garcilaso de la Vega y el Inca Garcilaso de la Vega, cada uno de los cuales es referido en los poemas que abren la primera y la segunda sección del conjunto, respectivamente. Del análisis de los poemas y de la estructura del poemario, se observará cómo el poeta peruano reconfigura su sujeto lírico apoyándose en la figura y elementos de la obra de ambos autores. Asimismo, se indagará el porqué de la afinidad a los dos Garcilasos, de donde se explica cómo Sologuren entiende e interpreta sus obras.

Canciones, tonadas teatrales y bailes en el entremés «El órgano y el mágico» (I) de Francisco de Castro

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 09:51:52 +0100

Miembro destacado de una célebre dinástica cómica, Francisco de Castro fue, además de actor y autor, un dramaturgo bastante prolífico cuya producción sobrepasa el medio centenar de piezas breves. Él mismo publicó la mayoría de ellas en tres tomos bajo el título común de Alegría cómica, destacando entre sus obras el entremés El órgano y el mágico. Siendo la declarada intención de Castro ser «su fin solo el que te diviertas», el entremés refleja jocosamente la grave situación del país en el cambio de siglo y dinastía, que obligó a muchos miembros de las clases populares a cambiar de oficio para poder sobrevivir. La prolongada actividad profesional del autor en las compañías de la villa y corte y su participación asidua en fiestas cortesanas con música le permiten reutilizar varias tonadas palaciegas (y combinarlas con otras popularizantes), que demuestran la difusión de estas canciones entre un público no especialmente culto e, incluso, popular. Como consecuencia, estas obras no solo pervivirán más allá del marco para el que fueron creadas; también servirán de puente a nuevas formas teatrales breves del siglo ilustrado.

Notas sobre parodia lingüística en «Los cuatro galanes» de Quiñones de Benavente

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 09:50:27 +0100

En Los cuatro galanes, entremés de Luis Quiñones de Benavente, tiene lugar una parodia de diferentes jergas profesionales. Dicha parodia se lleva a cabo a través de continuos contrastes entre el habla de las profesiones ridiculizadas y el amor pedigüeño que vertebra temáticamente la obra: así, Quiñones crea un juego dialéctico, de naturaleza verbal, muy eficiente desde una perspectiva burlesca. El presente estudio tiene como fin examinar los mecanismos retóricos (dilogías, equívocos, metáforas, ironía) de los que se vale Quiñones a la hora de imbricar tecnicismos y referencias a la codicia en búsqueda de la comicidad. Todo ello se verá acompañado de un muestrario de las particularidades lingüísticas, sobre todo léxicas, de cada uno de los grupos sociales ridiculizados en este entremés.

La dimensión prefílmica de la imagen poética de las «Soledades» de Góngora

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 09:49:17 +0100

A pesar de que la crítica ha destacado en numerosas ocasiones el estatuto innovador de la imagen poética de Góngora en sus Soledades (1613-1614), todavía sus categorías temporales y su naturaleza objetiva no se han analizado con suficiente pormenor, sino que la mayor parte de la bibliografía está dedicada a resaltar sus valores plásticos que para algunos la acercan a la pintura. Por eso, el objetivo de este trabajo es concretar y ejemplificar, desde una perspectiva pragmática y como receptores históricos, los mecanismos formales que Góngora emplea en sus Soledades para presentar sus imágenes como en el cine. Con ello, se demostrará que el poeta barroco se anticipa en más dos siglos a la conquista posterior del séptimo arte y que es precursor de la narración audiovisual que luego caracterizará al cine, rasgo que además subraya su carácter narrativo, aunque, como Lorca advirtió, Góngora tratara de disimularlo cubriéndola de imágenes, por lo que fundamentaremos nuestro análisis en la conferencia lorquiana sobre la imagen poética gongorina, en algunas técnicas del cine trasvasadas a la novela y en los conceptos de la Narratología.

Alhajas para damas y caballeros: los usos de la joyería en la caballería literaria del siglo XVI

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 09:48:07 +0100

La historia cultural ha mostrado que, durante los tiempos del Antiguo Régimen en España y en el marco de nuevos modelos culturales de exhibición pública, las élites cortesanas usaron las joyas con diversas intenciones: en la esfera pública fueron utilizadas para manifestar la virtud de la magnificencia y la distinción social, mientras que en el ámbito privado sirvieron para la expresión de los sentimientos y se vincularon con la sexualidad; de igual manera, se utilizaron como talismanes y como regalos de corte. Este trabajo analiza cómo la literatura caballeresca española del siglo XVI se contaminó de dichas prácticas sociales y culturales.

Relaciones de sucesos y literatura marginal. La erupción del volcán en la isla de San Miguel

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 09:47:13 +0100

En el presente trabajo se examinan las razones que han llevado a las relaciones de sucesos a ser consideradas literatura marginal y, por tanto, a encontrarse fuera del canon literario medieval. La exposición teórica se ejemplifica con la edición, el análisis de la producción y del contenido de la Relación breve del raro y lastimoso caso que sucedió en la isla de San Miguel, en dos de setiembre, lunes a mediodía después de comer.

«Con mi sudor y esfuerzo». Poder y presencia de las mujeres indígenas quiteñas en el siglo XVII

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 09:45:56 +0100

Este artículo analiza el papel y las dinámicas sociales de las mujeres indígenas de la ciudad de Quito en el siglo XVII. A través del estudio de distintas tipologías documentales de origen notarial se profundiza en la presencia de las naturales en la propia documentación, sus formas y tipologías, así como en las evidencias de su dinamismo y agencia en la realidad social quiteña de esta centuria. Al mismo tiempo, se observa las prácticas cotidianas, las dinámicas económicas y las realidades laborales que desarrollaron las indígenas quiteñas durante todo el siglo XVII mostrando de esta manera la sorprendente independencia con la que actuaron, el llamativo poder con el que contaron y el gran papel que jugaron en la configuración de la sociedad urbana quiteña.

Cernuda y Felipe II: «Silla del rey»

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 09:44:41 +0100

«Silla del rey», un largo poema de Cernuda sobre Felipe II ante El Escorial, ha suscitado a veces la perplejidad de la crítica, dada su caracterización positiva del monarca. Un estudio de las fuentes de esta visión cernudiana del Siglo de Oro español y del palacio escurialense, así como de los artificios retóricos en juego, ayuda a precisar el significado de este poema.

La descriptio/ekphrasis clásica, medieval y renacentista: la «Epistola» 2.17 de Plinio, la «Familiares rerum libri» 4.1 de Petrarca, el «Tratado de montería» de Fernando Lucas de Iranzo, la «Visitación de Montizón» en tiempos de Jorge Manrique y la anónima «Terze rime in lode di Cosimo de’ Medici»

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 09:44:29 +0100

Este artículo examina la descripción de lugares y edificios en una selección de obras clásicas, medievales y renacentistas con características genéricas diferentes con el deseo de revelar sus apoyos culturales. Varios son bien conocidos, otros no. Los textos son: la Epistola 2.17 de Cayo Plinio el Joven (62-c.117 AD); la carta sobre la subida al Monte Ventoso de Petrarca (1336) publicada en Familiares rerum libri 4.1; un Tratado de montería (escrito entre 1453- 1473) y una visita de inspección al castillo de Montizón (1478; ambos sobre la Sierra de Segura de Jaén); y un poema llamado Terze Rime (1458) que describe un nuevo palacio de Cósimo I de Medici en la Florencia renacentista.

«Con otros muchos cumplimientos a la romana». Conflictos de precedencia y presencia pública de la duquesa de Uceda, esposa del embajador español en Roma (1700-1709)

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 09:40:37 +0100

En este estudio se pretende abordar la figura de la esposa del primer embajador borbónico en Roma, la duquesa de Uceda, y su imbricación en la corte romana a través de una serie de episodios recogidos en el diario ceremonial del palacio de España. Se pretende demostrar la relevancia de la duquesa como “embajatriz” y figura notable en la misión de su esposo (Abeitspaar), a través del análisis de varios aspectos de su participación en la vida pública. Además se estudiarán algunos incidentes relatados en el diario que constituyeron muestras claras de la negociación de los espacios de poder en términos de ceremonial y precedencias en una Roma dividida por la Guerra de Sucesión.

Los verdaderos enemigos del gobierno virreinal. ¿Las élites locales o las circunstancias históricas?

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 09:40:22 +0100

En medio de aparatosas y deslumbrantes ceremonias, de arquitectura efímera y pinturas alegóricas colocadas en las plazas, de una literatura rebusca[1]da y oficialista, la sociedad novohispana juraba fidelidad extrema a los gobernantes enviados desde España pero, en el fondo, esa fidelidad sobreactuada se condicionaba al compromiso de los virreyes para respetar las costumbres y mantener el orden establecido. Ese statu quo beneficiaba a un grupo privilegiado de criollos y españoles establecidos, quienes hacían toda clase de negocios al amparo de ordenanzas y reglamentos que no acataban o interpretaban a su modo para enriquecerse a sí mismos y a sus familias. Por eso, cuando el virrey marqués de Gelves intentó en 1622 poner orden en la Nueva España presionando a los jueces para que hicieran efectiva y desinteresada la justicia, combatiendo el nepotismo y la corrupción, así como el enriquecimiento desmesurado de la alta burocracia, regulando los precios de los bastimentos, limpiando los caminos de ladrones, dictando medidas para que los religiosos regulares y seculares atendieran sus jurisdicciones correctamente, se le echó encima todo el reino. Disfrazado de un tumulto popular cuyos hilos manejaban de modo encubierto los religiosos encabezados por el arzobispo Juan Pérez de la Serna, el motín de indios y negros incendió el palacio de gobierno y depuso al virrey que debió refugiarse en el convento de San Francisco para salvar su vida. Este artículo propone que la literatura oficialista de la Nueva España era hipócrita y podía ser tan venenosa en sus zalamerías como el más escandaloso de los pasquines que se pegaron en los muros del palacio virreinal.

De la gracia en Calderón (II): lógica y comicidad

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 09:38:21 +0100

En esta segunda entrega de una serie que caracteriza el efecto propio de la comedia cómica de Calderón a través del concepto de gracia se analiza la relación entre lógica y comicidad. La crítica clásica ha subrayado el dominio del silogismo de Calderón, preferentemente en sus tragedias y autos sacramentales. Pero es también cierto que, en su teatro cómico, Calderón maneja con viveza tesis, antítesis, dilemas y paradojas en un juego barroco en el que la gracia consiste a veces en demostrar la evidencia de un juicio opuesto a las premisas que se aceptaban como verdaderas. Los personajes calderonianos de comedia razonan constantemente, a la vez que se declaran perplejos, confusos, superados por los acontecimientos. En unos casos sus deducciones son correctas; en otros, erróneas; en otros, aun, el razonamiento es requerido por parte del espectador para que la gracia surta efecto. En esta ocasión estudiamos lo que Gracián denominara agudeza en el dicho; es decir, en este caso: la estructura lógica de equívocos, chistes y demás formas humorísticas pertenecientes a comedias cómicas calderonianas. En suma, ¿qué mecanismos lógicos producen el efecto cómico? ¿Puede el silogismo dar risa? ¿Está la gracia en la lógica o en la ausencia de ella?

El uso del «exemplum» en la evangelización de la Nueva España

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 09:37:25 +0100

El propósito de estas líneas es mostrar el uso que dieron los predicadores y cronistas al exemplum en el Nuevo Mundo, centrándonos en el caso de la Nueva España. Intentamos resaltar que en el Nuevo Mundo el carácter antiguo de prueba del exemplum adquirió cierta vitalidad, sobre todo en las crónicas religiosas; pues las órdenes religiosas, obligadas a dar cuenta de sus logros en el continente recién descubierto, se valieron del recurso ejemplar para probar y dejar constancia del proceso de evangelización que estaban llevando a cabo y del que se sentían depositarias.

Entre el virrey Toledo y Túpac Amaru: la textualidad “antimaquiavélica” en la «Historia general del Perú» (1616)

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 09:36:45 +0100

En el presente artículo, mi propuesta es situar el proceso de escritura de la Historia general del Perú, la segunda parte de los Comentarios reales de los incas del Inca Garcilaso de la Vega, dentro del debate textual en la España del cambio de siglo (XVI-XVII) en torno al manejo del gobierno del imperio, al cual he dado el nombre de «textualidad antimaquiavélica». Planteo que la narración en las páginas finales de la ejecución de Túpac Amaru por orden del virrey Francisco de Toledo se nutre del complejo discurso político elaborado por los autores hispánicos en respuesta a la secularización de la teoría política asociada a Maquiavelo. Mi hipótesis es que este episodio puede ser visto como la expresión de un discurso híbrido por parte del cusqueño no en términos culturales, sino a partir de las yuxtaposiciones que ya formaban parte de la retórica política que sostenía la empresa evangelizadora del imperio español. Es de este modo que el Inca Garcilaso no solo demuestra la actualidad de su labor historiográfica, sino que también consigue la reivindicación del pasado incaico como parte integral y pieza fundamental de la monarquía universal de los Habsburgo.

La conquista de México en la «Historia cronológica» (1692) de Juan Buenaventura Zapata y Mendoza

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 09:36:12 +0100

Este ensayo busca desarrollar una interpretación crítica sobre la Historia cronológica de la Noble Ciudad de Tlaxcala (1692) de Juan Buenaventura Zapata y Mendoza identificando sus principales contenidos y subrayando específicamente aquellos relativos a los acontecimientos de la conquista de México.

«¡Y acabe aquí la comedia / pidiendo yo como humilde / perdón por mí y los poetas!». Ecos intertextuales de Francisco de Rojas Zorrilla en «El robo de las sabinas»

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 09:32:18 +0100

El presente artículo trata de esbozar un estudio basado en la retórica para demostrar a través de ciertos ecos intertextuales, la autoría del toledano Francisco de Rojas Zorrilla en El robo de las sabinas, comedia en colaboración atribuida únicamente al desconocido hermano de Antonio Coello Ochoa, Juan Coello y Arias, en las ediciones impresas que nos han llegado a nuestros días y en los catálogos biobibliográficos de los siglos XVIII y XIX. Además de varios ejemplos intertextuales, nuestra hipótesis se basa, a su vez, en una noticia de una representación del año 1637, en la que consta que, efectivamente, es una obra en colaboración en la que participó Rojas Zorrilla.

El obispo virrey Diego Osorio Escobar y Llamas y su lucha contra la corrupción en la Nueva España

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 09:09:09 +0100

Ya desde la primera mitad del siglo XVII, Juan de Palafox y Mendoza había denunciado los abusos y excesos tanto del clero regular como de los alcaldes mayores al interior de la Nueva España; sin embargo, lejos de ser recompensado y corregidos los abusos que había señalado, el obispo visitador fue trasladado a Osma, dejando acéfala la mitra angelopolitana. Años después tomaría posesión del obispado poblano don Diego Osorio Escobar y Llamas, quien también tuvo que enfrentar la corrupción virreinal en la persona del conde de Baños y tratar de corregir los abusos que los miembros del clero regular cometían en materia de diezmos. Por tal motivo, al igual que su antecesor, fue perseguido y tuvo que esconderse del ataque de sus enemigos; sin embargo, logró adquirir el poder virreinal y tratar de corregir los abusos que había denunciado.

Realidad y mito en torno a la cultura de la guerra en el Siglo de Oro

Scipedia content — Fri, 27 Jan 2023 09:06:33 +0100

El presente trabajo pretende demostrar la importancia de la cultura de la guerra en la España del Siglo de Oro y cómo se fue produciendo un desfase entre la realidad técnica del ejército y sus formas de actuación con los mensajes culturales que se iban produciendo. A través de la comparación entre la tratadística y otros géneros literarios, especialmente las llamadas relaciones de sucesos en los pliegos de cordel (fuente muy poco utilizada hasta ahora a pesar de su valor historiográfico), se puede ver cómo se produce esa falta de concordancia entre la realidad y la representación cultural, al tiempo que se utiliza esta última, consciente, pero también inconscientemente (al buscar los gustos del lector), para transmitir una justificadora imagen de las empresas bélicas de la monarquía.

Futures education: Curriculum and educational practices in Australia, Spain, and Chile

Scipedia content — Thu, 19 Jan 2023 15:47:00 +0100

The images of the future among young people have been conditioned by the stories present in the media, films, books, and also in school. Educational curriculums are made up of a selection of knowledge that privileges some ways of understanding the future over others. Young people often imagine a future that is in economic, social, and/or climate crisis. However, they also imagine a bright future for themselves, detached from the future they imagine for society. In this article, we present a qualitative analysis of the curriculums of Australia, Spain, and Chile, together with interviews with teachers from these countries. We investigate the presence and absence of futures education in these curriculums, their degree of development regarding futures education, and make a first analysis of the influence of futures education in schools. To do this we identify four dimensions: situate in time, anticipate, imagine alternative futures, and social action. The results show that, while the Australian curriculum explicitly includes education for the future, the Spanish and Chilean curriculum include it only tangentially. In addition, the socio-cultural context of schools and the will of the teaching staff are elements that determine the implementation of futures education in the school context.

Emoticons in student-professor email communication

Scipedia content — Thu, 19 Jan 2023 15:46:17 +0100

Emoticons have become a common phenomenon in email correspondence between students and professors. Even though the use of emoticons in formal writing is considered inappropriate and unprofessional, more and more students are using these nonverbal communication tools to add context or emphasis to their email messages to professors. This paper examines the association between the use of emoticons and professors’ perceptions of higher education students’ email messages with and without emoticons in two countries, Serbia and Slovenia. The students’ emails were collected and assessed on several levels. The students’ messages were examined with particular attention to the appropriateness of the students’ writing style. In addition, the students’ level of digital literacy, their attitude toward a professor, and gender differences in the use of emoticons were examined. Furthermore, an online questionnaire was used to identify characteristic differences between students who use emoticons and students who do not. The results show that messages with emoticons are rated lower on several dimensions than messages without emoticons. In addition, students who use emoticons show lower digital literacy and perceive their professors as more understanding and helpful. Emoticon use is not related to gender. The results suggest that students should avoid using emoticons even if they have a positive attitude toward their professor.

Invisibilised human rights: Trafficking in human beings in the media in Spain

Scipedia content — Thu, 19 Jan 2023 15:45:35 +0100

The aim of this research is twofold: to examine the coverage of human trafficking in the digital press and the perceptions of media professionals and specialised entities regarding such news. The methodology employed is mixed and relies on the technique of content analysis of news stories between January 2019 and December 2020 to investigate how the phenomenon is addressed by digital newspapers. This is also combined with the semi-structured interview technique to identify the discourse of media professionals and the heads of specialised non-governmental organisations in relation to their assessment of the news production on trafficking in Spain. There is lack of information on trafficking of human beings, partly due to the lack of media resources to inform and investigate. The trafficking of human beings for the purpose of sexual exploitation continues to dominate media coverage. Addressing the trafficking of human beings from a holistic and human rights approach, including the visibility of all forms of trafficking, as well as deepening collaboration and cooperation between the media and specialised entities, are tasks of vital importance for further progress.

Secondary education students and media literacy in the age of disinformation

Scipedia content — Thu, 19 Jan 2023 15:45:01 +0100

This paper presents an up-to-date overview of how students in Compulsory Secondary Education (ESO) in Spanish public schools, aged between 11 and 16, approach the media, how they inform themselves, the degree of journalistic discrimination they have, and how they deal with the news in times of an infodemic and disinformation. In addition, it explores the opinion of teachers on the media deficits they perceive in their students. The main research technique used in this study was a descriptive, cross-sectional survey of 1,651 ESO students from all over Spain with a confidence level of

Learning strategies through digital games in a university context

Scipedia content — Thu, 19 Jan 2023 15:44:25 +0100

The relationship between digital games and the mobilization of cognitive and metacognitive learning strategies deserves attention and needs research that contributes to the understanding of how these strategies can favor the teaching and learning processes. This study describes how university students over 18 years of age mobilize cognitive and metacognitive learning strategies through digital games. The research methodology used was ex post facto with a quantitative approach. 941 students from 22 States and from the Federal District, enrolled in higher education courses at Brazilian colleges and universities, participated in this research. Data collection occurred through the application of an online questionnaire that integrates the Metacognitive Awareness Inventory (MAI) and the Inventory of Cognitive and Metacognitive Strategies with Digital Games (ICMSDG). The results indicated that university students make regular use of metacognitive knowledge, skills, and strategies. Moreover, cognitive and metacognitive learning strategies seem to be more mobilized by digital game players than by non-players, particularly among those who played over a longer period of time (9 years or more) and with higher intensity (playing every day). With the results found and analyzed, we observe that this study is relevant for both university professors and game designers who aim to promote metacognition skills.

The COVID-19 infodemic among young people and adults: The support of critical media literacy

Scipedia content — Thu, 19 Jan 2023 15:43:44 +0100

The COVID-19 pandemic has flooded the public sphere with large amounts of information, engendering what some specialists have dubbed the infodemic. Among the mechanisms used to mitigate the effects of the infodemic, critical media literacy has proven a valuable approach. This study aimed to analyze the critical media skills (CMS) of young people and adults in relation to the variables of infodemic awareness (IPA), infodemic and wellbeing (ISW), emotional reaction (ERI), and media trust (MTC). A cross-sectional online study with 404 participants (Mage=32.8) was conducted in two virtual communities in Mexico during the first semester of 2021. Descriptive analysis revealed highly critical media skills in participants. Adults showed high levels of IPA, while young people presented high levels of ISW, ERI, and MTC. Observations by the age group indicated an association between CMS and ISW, and CMS and MCT, while the association between CMS and IPA was null. The COVID-19 outbreak has intensified the consumption of digital media and access to untrustworthy information. Critical media literacy may protect individuals from the risks of infodemic by enhancing critical roles and attitudes toward media discourse. This study supports the recommendation to promote media literacy initiatives that inoculate critical media skills as mechanisms to counteract the misinformation in health crises.

Imagination, education for the future and democratic culture: Educational policies in the Iberian Peninsula

Scipedia content — Thu, 19 Jan 2023 15:43:12 +0100

In a historical moment, where the future is considered a threat, it seems highly relevant to teach the ability to imagine desirable futures. In line with this, Education for the Future (EF), from the Anglo-Saxon tradition, represents a reference to give a response to negative images about the idea of the future. On the other hand, the competences for democratic culture defined by the Council of Europe provide the basis for the elaboration of a theoretical framework that includes the imagination of democratic and sustainable futures as one of its main conceptual axes. Given this theoretical context, this study analyses official documents of public policies carried out in the Iberian context, to examine the treatment of the idea of future in education systems. Specifically, three levels of public policies have been studied: state educational laws, primary education curricula and institutional teacher training policies. The public policies have been analysed using the normative method of content analysis, with a syntactic sampling strategy, calculating the absolute and relative frequency of the units of analysis. Results show that there are few references to the construction of the concept of the future in public policies and suggest that the opportunity to educate others on the imagination of desirable futures may be being wasted.

Design process for the generation of future education scenarios

Scipedia content — Thu, 19 Jan 2023 15:42:38 +0100

This paper brings together studies on the future and design methodologies to develop a novel proposal for prospective analysis in the field of education. We apply mixed research methods in combination with design methodologies to open up new routes for studying the evolution, impact and behaviour of trends in future scenarios. Our research is based on an analysis of qualitative data from secondary sources and interviews with experts, which we transform into quantitative data using fuzzy logic models applied to uncontrolled Internet data environments. Our goal is to verify the validity of the DEFLEXOR method, which addresses the need to identify educational opportunities based on future scenarios defined using megatrends detected in various fields. Our conclusions highlight that combining qualitative and quantitative approaches with the methodological principles of design thinking, together with automated calculations arising from creative reflection by experts, constitutes a powerful methodology for developing specific prospective studies.

Educating for a sustainable future through the Circular Economy: Citizen involvement and social change

Scipedia content — Thu, 19 Jan 2023 15:42:04 +0100

The climate crisis and the environmental emergency are a sign of uncertainty for the future of the planet. European and national educational directives establish the framework of action and the commitments that must be made by each agent to reach the new sustainable paradigm which is based on circularity. The school, as an institution of social transformation, faces a reproductive framework that feeds the consumer socio-economic structure, covering up the dimension and urgency of the problem. The aim is to identify the forces for change to improve the intervention mechanisms in the educational field in Spain aimed at fostering the involvement and the participation of young people. The qualitative methodology combines discourse analysis using Grounded Theory and prospective analysis using the scenario method. By means of a validated questionnaire, semi-structured interviews and focus groups are conducted with technicians and managers, trainers of trainers, teachers, and researchers (n=53). The discourse of the agents and legislation on education and sustainability are analysed to generate substantive theory. By means of the theorization obtained, drivers and constraints are identified, establishing a probability and impact matrix that allows for the visualization of three possible futures. It concludes with a set of recommendations to strengthen the desired scenario and to reduce the possibilities of the dystopian scenario.

Contributions of futures studies to education: A systematic review

Scipedia content — Thu, 19 Jan 2023 15:41:28 +0100

Futures studies offer a framework of ideas and guidelines that allow us to develop more productive images of the future and ways of working with it. Despite several efforts to translate this approach to different educational contexts, it is still a field under development. The main objective of this article is to present and discuss the latest international academic developments and contributions of futures studies to education. For this purpose, we conducted a systematic review of the literature using the Web of Science and Scopus databases. We considered articles published between 2012 and 2022. We started with 437 articles and after the application of the exclusion criteria, this number was reduced to 50 articles that were directly related to educational issues. The findings show that the literature included specific educational methodologies, a balance between theoretical and empirical publications, a focus on specialised journals and countries and that multidisciplinarity in education was not common with subjects outside social sciences. Moreover, we found that the predictive approach and negative perspectives were not present. We conclude that futures literacy is a key element to bringing together ideas related to futures studies in education, that futures studies contribute to changing the way of working with and conceptualising the future in education, and that they promote transformative movements.

Interdisciplinarity of scientific production on hate speech and social media: A bibliometric analysis

Scipedia content — Thu, 19 Jan 2023 15:39:07 +0100

The impact of technological tools in the educational field is unquestionable. The smartphone has established itself as thedevice with greater versatility and applicability in the academic/personal context of the subjects. For this reason, thefollowing study addresses, from a longitudinal qualitative approach, the knowledge, use, benefits, and difficulties of thepedagogical application of smartphones, as well as the training needs perceived by higher education teachers,understanding the evolution of this trend in the last seven years. The participating sample is made up of 32 lecturersbelonging to five Spanish universities, through the realization of six focus groups during the 2014-2015 and 2021-2022academic years. The main results show that the lecturers value favorably the possibilities of the tool for communicationand information search. However, in recent times more skeptical and critical evaluations are perceived, considering thatthe smartphone has not brought about the expected qualitative leap in the teaching methodologies applied in theclassroom. Promoting the critical, responsible, and context-specific use of the mobile device, while effectively applying itstechnological possibilities in the creation of constructive pedagogical experiences in a temporally and spatially specifiedmanner, may be one of the keys to a harmonious and not overloaded coexistence between academic and life experiencesmediated with and without technology.

Smartphones in Higher Education. A longitudinal qualitative study

Scipedia content — Thu, 19 Jan 2023 15:38:01 +0100

The impact of technological tools in the educational field is unquestionable. The smartphone has established itself as the device with greater versatility and applicability in the academic/personal context of the subjects. For this reason, the following study addresses, from a longitudinal qualitative approach, the knowledge, use, benefits, and difficulties of the pedagogical application of smartphones, as well as the training needs perceived by higher education teachers, understanding the evolution of this trend in the last seven years. The participating sample is made up of 32 lecturers belonging to five Spanish universities, through the realization of six focus groups during the 2014-2015 and 2021-2022 academic years. The main results show that the lecturers value favorably the possibilities of the tool for communication and information search. However, in recent times more skeptical and critical evaluations are perceived, considering that the smartphone has not brought about the expected qualitative leap in the teaching methodologies applied in the classroom. Promoting the critical, responsible, and context-specific use of the mobile device, while effectively applying its technological possibilities in the creation of constructive pedagogical experiences in a temporally and spatially specified manner, may be one of the keys to a harmonious and not overloaded coexistence between academic and life experiences mediated with and without technology.

Political hate speech of the far right on Twitter in Latin America

Scipedia content — Thu, 19 Jan 2023 15:37:25 +0100

The purpose of this research was to study the spreading of political hate speech by the far right through Twitter. A mixed methodology was employed, combining both quantitative and qualitative tools, within the framework of digital ethnography. Five characteristic cases of campaigns linked to political hate speech were chosen, meeting the four criteria set: Latin American scope with representativeness in terms of breadth and impact, political motivation, more than 100,000 tweets, and massive use of fake accounts. The analysis was performed with T-Hoarder, Gephi and MAXQDA. The conclusions drawn are that these campaigns do not occur spontaneously. Rather, a destabilizing political intention lies behind them, sponsored by organizations with considerable ability to disseminate messages and with extensive funds. The massive presence of false accounts, the repetition of certain spelling errors in identical form and the striking increase in the number of accounts just before campaigns are evidence of the automation of these processes. The constant use of aggressive and disparaging terms associated with hatred triggers extreme polarization and a climate of tension, threatening the building and consolidation of democracy itself. Apart from punitive measures, there is a need to implement educational proposals.

Virtual reality with distractors to overcome public speaking anxiety in university students

Scipedia content — Thu, 19 Jan 2023 15:36:41 +0100

The ability to communicate effectively is a crucial aspect of education. For college students, learning how to speak in public is essential for their academic and professional future. However, many students report fear of speaking in public, the so-called Public Speaking Anxiety (PSA). This study aims to implement a training program using Virtual Reality (VR) with distractors to reduce the college students' anxiety. Anxiety was measured with two methods: electrodermal activity and self-report. We also analyze gender differences. There were an experimental and a control group. Both groups had to deliver the same speech twice: pre-test (before training); and post-test (after the training program) while participants’ electrodermal activity was measured. Only the experimental group was trained with VR. Students also completed the Public Speaking Anxiety Scale and a survey to examine their experience. The results showed that the VR training reduced the anxiety levels significantly in the experimental group, but there were no significant differences in the control group. The data also revealed a higher level of anxiety in male than in female students. Finally, participants reported a positive impression of the VR training. These results showed the effectiveness of Virtual Reality software with distractors to reduce public speaking anxiety.

The life of COVID-19 mask memes: A diachronic study of the pandemic memescape

Scipedia content — Thu, 19 Jan 2023 15:36:08 +0100

Taking as its point of departure a fine-tuned definition of an Internet meme (vis-à-vis a memetic construct), this paper reports the findings of the first diachronic study of memes, the focus being on mask memes on the vast COVID-19 mask memescape evolving in the wake of the pandemic, relative to the changing socio-political situation. The study capitalises on a diachronic corpus of user-tagged COVID-19 mask memes (posted online from January 2020 to January 2021) collected from Google through a Python script. Based on a grounded-theory approach, ten memetic categories (clustered into four groups) are extracted and examined through a multimodal discourse analytic lens. The diachronic quantitative analysis shows that the memetic constructs, inspired by the current socio-political situation/events and facilitated by the socio-political context (e.g. going into lockdown), seem to persist, albeit with varied intensity, for the best part of the year, with many individual memes going viral. Memes’ and memetic constructs’ long lifespan is indicative of users’ primary goal, which is to share interesting and/or humorous (not always newly minted or relevant) items for the sake of fun, regardless of the memes’ nature (i.e. autotelic humour for its own sake or users’ commentaries on the surrounding reality).

Quality recognition as a prescriber against disinformation

Scipedia content — Thu, 19 Jan 2023 15:34:27 +0100

Hybrid media context and the infodemic have increased the threat of disinformation, particularly among young people who mostly consume digital content. This article aims to identify the competencies needed to detect low-quality content linked to disinformation by Journalism and Communications undergraduates from Argentina, Chile, and Spain. Based on a double comparative study by countries and levels of education, it tries to predict the skills of future journalists in recognising false information. From an online questionnaire, the participants (N=300) evaluated the quality observed (minimum, average or excellent) and the problems detected from 12 items published in both conventional and pseudo-media. The comparison of results with the expert group shows that about 60% of the students have difficulties in identifying quality accurately and that this ability is higher in the advanced groups. From a selection of five news items, the participants were only able to successfully report 25.3% of the real mistakes in the texts. The correct identification of these mistakes improves in news related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions reveal that undergraduates overestimate their ability to detect disinformation, with a self-perception of 3.46 out of 5. The results also indicate that their media diet combines digital media and social media as a priority, while traditional media have a residual nature.

Rhetoric of parliamentary disinformation on Twitter

Scipedia content — Thu, 19 Jan 2023 15:33:39 +0100

Democracy is based on individuals’ ability to give their opinions freely. To do this, they must have access to a multitude of reliable information sources, and this greatly depends on the characteristics of their media environments. Today, one of the main issues individuals face is the significant amount of disinformation circulating through social networks. This study focuses on parliamentary disinformation. It examines how parliamentarians contribute to generating information disorder in the digital public space. Through an exploratory content analysis ? a descriptive content analysis of 2,307 messages posted on Twitter accounts of parliamentary spokespeople and representatives of the main list of each political party in the Spanish Lower House of Parliament ? we explore disinformation rhetoric. The results allow us to conclude that, while the volume of messages shared by parliamentarians on issues susceptible to disinformation is relatively low (14% of tweets), both the themes of the tweets (COVID-19, sex-based violence, migrants or LGBTI), as well as their tone and argumentative and discursive lines, contribute to generating distrust through institutional criticism or their peers. The study deepens current knowledge of the disinformation generated by political elites, key agents of the construction of polarising narratives.

Russian disinformation in Eastern Europe. Vaccination media frames in ro.sputnik.md

Scipedia content — Thu, 19 Jan 2023 15:32:59 +0100

The news site ro.sputnik.md is the Romanian language version of the Sputnik news website platform, owned by the Russian government, one of the main channels used by the Kremlin to disseminate mis- and disinformation across Russian borders. The current research aims to identify the frames associated with anti-COVID-19 vaccines, and the news values employed in constructing news discourse on vaccination in ro.sputnik.md media texts. To map the media frames and the lexical and discursive constructions, the research proposes a mixed methods content-based approach, where automated text analysis (frequency, co-occurrence, n-grams) is combined with thematic and discourse analysis. Six emphasis frames are identified in the corpus (N=1,165): Superiority of the Russian Sputnik V Vaccine, Fatal/Side Effects of EU Authorized Vaccines, Limitations of Individual Rights and Freedoms, EU and/or Romanian Authorities’ Struggle, Children and Teenagers’ Protection, and Big Pharma Conspiracy. The findings show that specific discursive patterns are associated with the negative news value: death, side effects (blood clot, thrombosis, coagulation), restrictions, and interdictions or warnings (serious, risk, negative, panic, etc.), while the conflict news value is associated with warfare vocabulary (defense, threat, battle, fire, gunpowder, etc.); and eliteness, with well-known actors (state leaders, European leaders, famous "conspirators'') and countries (powerful international actors, meaningful neighbours).

Unraveling disinformation: Notions and discourses from the Spanish population

Scipedia content — Thu, 19 Jan 2023 15:32:27 +0100

Disinformation has become a core concept in communications research, related to media, technological and political phenomena that complexify its definition and diagnosis. Although its approach has been mainly quantitative, focus groups have also been used to understand the perception of the audience of this particular issue. This research is part of this second group of studies, and attempts to investigate the notions and discourses on disinformation in the case of Spain. For this purpose, seven discussion groups were conducted, with a structural sample constructed according to employment situation, ideology and age. The results show a perception of the communicative ecosystem structured in two chronological poles, which contrasts a past of reduced information supply – associated with traditional media – with a current informational environment where there is more media diversity, but also less trust in them. The groups point to the overabundance of information and associated disinformation with decontextualisation, low-quality journalism and the economic and political interests of different actors. Discourses outline a scenario of decline in journalism and the public sphere, which is perceived as polarised and emotional. Disinformation is therefore perceived as a multidimensional phenomenon that is associated with issues of major democratic transcendence rather than merely sending hoaxes through the Internet.

Creators and spectators facing online information disorder. Effects of digital content production on information skills

Scipedia content — Thu, 19 Jan 2023 15:31:24 +0100

Misinformation on social media is a major problem facing our society. The experience deriving from use does not guarantee success in identifying false information. This study seeks to determine whether an active role in social media impacts on informational skills. For this purpose, we designed a survey that was administered to 756 young people between 16 and 26 years of age from different educational levels. The results show a profile of creative users who participate in generating their own content and sharing their recommendations openly, as opposed to another profile, the “spectators”, focused on entertainment and interaction. The creator profile is the variable that most contributes to reporting fake news on social media. When contrasting information, educational level is the most relevant aspect, although academic results and creator users also represent a significant contribution. Greater trust in the sources found on social media identifies the active profile, while distrust is associated with the spectators. We recommend that media education puts in place actions intended to recuperate trust in social media, so that they can be utilized critically, encouraging active, not reactive use.

The relationship of Twitter with teacher credibility and motivation in university students

Scipedia content — Thu, 19 Jan 2023 15:30:52 +0100

This paper aimed to analyse the perceptions of university students in relation to the credibility of university instructors according to the tweets posted on their Twitter profiles and the academic motivation that these can generate. Thus, students' perceptions of teacher credibility are affected by what instructors post on their social media profiles. The participants in the study were 166 students from the Faculty of Education Sciences at the University of Seville, carried out using a quasi-experimental methodology for which three Twitter profiles for a university professor were created with professional, social and mixed content. For the analysis of the results, normality and homoscedasticity tests were carried out on the sample to decide which statistical tests to use. The most salient results indicated that students perceived the professional profile as more competent, more caring, and more trustworthy, followed by the mixed profile and, lastly, by the social profile. Positive correlations were also found between students who perceived the university professor as reflected in the professional profile as credible in their academic motivation. The findings and their practical implications for instructors are discussed in terms of how they can incorporate Twitter into their teaching, considering the needs of their students to enhance their learning.

Booktokers: Generating and sharing book content on TikTok

Scipedia content — Thu, 19 Jan 2023 15:30:29 +0100

Reading is essential for learning in education. However, the digital revolution has transformed the ways to encourage reading and learning about books. People who generate and share content about books on social networks are the socalled booktokers, influencers on TikTok who have become an emerging phenomenon in this connected society. However, there is scarce research that studies them in depth. Therefore, it is crucial to explore booktokers to understand them betterand to assess why they accept and use technologies to generate and share content about books on TikTok. This paper intends to explore the acceptance and use of TikTok to generate and share content about books on this social network as a booktoker. For this, a qualitative methodology of semi-structured interviews with thirteen Latin American booktokers was used. The analysis was developed through a thematic analysis based on the UTAUT2 theory to explain the findings. The results indicated the categories: performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, hedonic motivation, habit, price value, and a new identified category related to the generation of community and networks. This study constitutes one of the pioneering works in the exploration of the booktoker phenomenon.

Detection of traits in students with suicidal tendencies on Internet applying Web Mining

Scipedia content — Thu, 19 Jan 2023 15:30:01 +0100

This article presents an Internet data analysis model based on Web Mining with the aim to find knowledge about large amounts of data in cyberspace. To test the proposed method, suicide web pages were analyzed as a study case to identify and detect traits in students with suicidal tendencies. The procedure considers a Web Scraper to locate and download information from the Internet, as well as Natural Language Processing techniques to retrieve the words. To explore the information, a dataset based on Dynamic Tables and Semantic Ontologies was constructed, specifying the predictive variables in young people with suicidal inclination. Finally, to evaluate the efficiency of the model, Machine Learning and Deep Learning algorithms were used. It should be noticed that the procedures for the construction of the dataset (using Genetic Algorithms) and obtaining the knowledge (using Parallel Computing and Acceleration with GPU) were optimized. The results reveal an accuracy of 96.28% on the detection of characteristics in adolescents with suicidal tendencies, reaching the best result through a Recurrent Neural Network with 98% accuracy. It is inferred that the model is viable to establish bases on mechanisms of action and prevention of suicidal behaviors, which can be implemented in educational institutions or different social actors.

Special Education Teacher’s professional development through digital storytelling

Scipedia content — Thu, 19 Jan 2023 15:29:31 +0100

This research presents the results of an exploration of special education teachers’ understanding of how their participation inworkshop-based digital storytelling (DST) would enhance their professional development concerning inclusive education.This study evaluates the usability of the Smart Ecosystem for Learning and Inclusion (SELI) platform for supporting teachersduring the workshop-based digital storytelling process. We used a convergent parallel mixed-method research designapproach with 47 secondary school teachers working with disabled people in the Dominican Republic. The results ofthis study indicated that the SELI smart learning platform had shown good usability in supporting teachers during theworkshop-based digital storytelling pedagogical process. Besides, two themes emerge regarding how workshop-based digitalstorytelling can contribute to teacher professional development for promoting inclusive education. The resulting themes areexpressing, listening, and learning through digital storytelling; and driving change with digital storytelling to create moreinclusive environments. Teachers who participated in the interviews were optimistic about DST implementation. Theyexpressed that the workshop worked for multiple ways of expression, listening from and connecting with other stories, andlearning through DST. Teachers could reflect their idea about using DST in terms of its potential impact on inclusion in theclassrooms for driving change, building meaningful learning, and influential practice when used in the classroom.

Twitter and human trafficking: Purposes, actors and topics in the Spanish-speaking scene

Scipedia content — Thu, 19 Jan 2023 15:28:59 +0100

Human trafficking is a phenomenon linked to several forms of exploitation, such as sexual exploitation, forced labour, forcedmarriage, begging, forced criminal activity, or organ removal. There are different debates about a potential overrepresentationof some of these exploitation purposes, such as the sexual one, in the discourses underlying international regulations, newsor institutional campaigns. This may have consequences on the identification of some of the population affected by thisphenomenon and the assistance provided to them. The aim of this paper is to analyse the temporal evolution of the purposesof exploitation, actors and topics most represented in the activity on human trafficking and exploitation on Twitter during the2011-2020 period. The results show that sexual exploitation is the purpose most represented in Twitter activity and the factthat international organisations and the criminal prosecution of the crime of human trafficking have progressively becomemore relevant. Furthermore, the networks of topics suggest that sexual exploitation seems to be linked to the notion ofprostitution. This may have consequences for the displacement of other purposes of exploitation or the approaches centredon the promotion of human rights to less relevant positions, as well as for the construction of certain images of victims ofhuman trafficking.

When negativity is the fuel. Bots and Political Polarization in the COVID-19 debate

Scipedia content — Thu, 19 Jan 2023 15:28:22 +0100

The contexts of social and political polarization are generating new forms of communication that affect the digital public sphere. In these environments, different social and political actors contribute to extreme their positions, using bots to create spaces for social distancing where hate speech and incivility have a place, a phenomenon that worries scientists and experts. The main objective of this research is to analyze the role that these automated agents played in the debate on social networks about the Spanish Government’s management of the global COVID-19 pandemic. For this, “Social Big Data Analysis” techniques were applied: “machine learning algorithms to know the positioning of users; bot detection algorithms; “topic modeling” techniques to learn about the topics of the debate on the web, and sentiment analysis. We used a database comprised of Twitter messages published during the confinement, as a result of the Spanish state of alarm. The main conclusion is that the bots could have served to design a political propaganda campaign initiated by traditional actors with the aim of increasing tension in an environment of social emergency. It is argued that, although these agents are not the only actors that increase polarization, they do contribute to deepening the debate on certain key issues, increasing negativity.

A systematic literature review of the representations of migration in Brazil and the United Kingdom

Scipedia content — Thu, 19 Jan 2023 15:27:49 +0100

In recent decades, increased scholarly attention has been paid to the interactions between immigration, media coverage, framing, and the rise of populism. This paper draws on these interactions to systematically review peer-reviewed articles related to media representations of immigrants and refugees in Brazil and the United Kingdom (UK). The objective was to identify the tone used in such representations and the research methods applied in the articles. This is the first systematic literature review that compares studies on media and immigration including both Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic (WEIRD) and non-WEIRD countries. This paper uses Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) to collect, map, and systematize 47 peer-reviewed articles published in the past two decades. The findings show that, in the studies we analyzed, the tone of representation of refugees in the media in both countries is negative. Mass media underrepresent the main actors and use stereotypes and discourses of otherization. This paper contributes to our understanding of the differences between studies, including those conducted in the UK and Brazil, and calls for more comparative studies that include countries from the global south and global north. It also demonstrates the standardization of frames and tone of representation on immigration in both countries, suggesting similar patterns across different countries.

Hate speech analysis as a function of ideology: Emotional and cognitive effects

Scipedia content — Thu, 19 Jan 2023 15:27:20 +0100

Hate speech is a major problem, especially in the political environment, where it generates polarization and social conflict. There are no experimental laboratory studies that have analyzed the mechanisms of action of hate speech using biometric records to evaluate the implicit negative emotion caused by these discourses, despite the essential importance of emotion in this problem. This work investigates the interaction between the ideology of the source and the audience (progressive vs. conservative) and the type of message (hate vs. non-hate) on cognitions (perception of the veracity of the message and the source) and negative emotion (biometric and self-reported). Biometric emotion was assessed by recording heart rate variability and electrodermal response. The results highlight the importance of evaluating implicit biometric responses that reveal inaccessible data with other methodologies: conservatives show more emotion in their biometric records than in self-reported ones. With these measures, hate desensitization effects are also detected in both audiences. With self-reported measures, more negative emotion is detected in progressive audiences only when the source is contrary to their ideology; on the other hand, conservatives show less negative emotion in all cases. These results are interpreted as a consequence of normative pressure and endogroup cognitive biases.

Hate speech and social acceptance of migrants in Europe: Analysis of tweets with geolocation

Scipedia content — Thu, 19 Jan 2023 15:26:32 +0100

Hate speech against vulnerable groups is acknowledged as a serious problem for integration and respect for the social diversityexisting within the territory of the European Union. The growth of this type of discourse has been supported by the expansionof social media, which have been proven to act as a mechanism for the propagation of crimes against targets such as migrantsand refugees, one of the main affected groups. That is why we have conducted the first European study of the socialacceptance of migrants and refugees by studying the presence of hate speech. The research is based on the perspective of thetheories of intergroup contact and mediated intergroup contact. The methodology includes large-scale longitudinal analysis(2015-2020) of online hate speech on Twitter (N=847,978) and its contrast with existing official indicators. The resultssuggest that personal intergroup contact is positively corretaled with the support of the local population towards migrantsand refugees but mediated intergroup contact is not correlated with hate speech on Twitter. We found evidence that thoseregions where the support for foreigners was higher, there was a lower level of hate speech on Twitter. This is an advancein the study of hate speech by territories and can help in the formulation of action strategies.

Adolescents’ motivations to perpetrate hate speech and links with social norms

Scipedia content — Thu, 19 Jan 2023 15:25:45 +0100

Hate speech has become a widespread phenomenon, however, it remains largely unclear why adolescents engage init and which factors are associated with their motivations for perpetrating hate speech. To this end, we developed themultidimensional “Motivations for Hate Speech Perpetration Scale” (MHATE) and evaluated the psychometric properties.We also explored the associations between social norms and adolescents’ motivations for hate speech perpetration. Thesample consisted of 346 adolescents from Switzerland (54.6% boys; Mage=14; SD=0.96) who reported engagementin hate speech as perpetrators. The analyses revealed good psychometric properties for the MHATE, including goodinternal consistency. The most frequently endorsed subscale was revenge, followed by ideology, group conformity, statusenhancement, exhilaration, and power. The results also showed that descriptive norms and peer pressure were relatedto a wide range of different motivations for perpetrating hate speech. Injunctive norms, however, were only associatedwith power. In conclusion, findings indicate that hate speech fulfills various functions. We argue that knowing the specificmotivations that underlie hate speech could help us derive individually tailored prevention strategies (e.g., anger management,promoting an inclusive classroom climate). Furthermore, we suggest that practitioners working in the field of hate speechprevention give special attention to social norms surrounding adolescents.

Boletín de la Sociedad Mexicana de Computación Científica y sus Aplicaciones (2022)

Gerardo Tinoco-Guerrero — Fri, 30 Dec 2022 17:23:03 +0100

ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION PRACTICES IN BAYBAY CITY LEYTE

IJMERI — Mon, 19 Dec 2022 06:17:03 +0100

This quantitative study utilized the descriptive method of research that aimed to assess the implementation of environmental conservation practices in Baybay City Leyte with 92 officials and 115 zone residents of the 23 barangays in the city. Data were gathered through online and pen-paper surveys using frequency mean and Chi-square test. Barangay officials & Zone residents showed the same level of awareness of the environmental conservation practices implemented in Baybay City. Based on the results, the highest average weighted mean environmental conservation practices were the Ordinance on Solid Waste Management. Whereas, the Ordinance on the Use of Plastics Bags has the lowest average weighted mean. There is no significant difference in the level of awareness of the environmental conservation practices between the barangay officials and zone residents. The findings on the level of implementation of the environmental conservation practices, barangay officials asserted a high level of implementation while zone residents claim to have implemented of all the (3) ordinances. For barangay officials, the Ordinance on Solid Waste Management had the highest weighted mean. While the Ordinance on the Use of Plastics Bags had the lowest weighted mean. Whereas, for the zone residents the Ordinance on Regulating the Use of Plastics Bags had the highest weighted mean. While the Ordinance on Anti-Littering and Prohibiting Persons from Throwing any Refuse or Garbage, Spitting, or Improper Urinating into Streets and Canals had the lowest weighted mean. There is a significant difference in the level of implementation of the environmental conservation practices between the barangay officials and zone residents on the Ordinance on Anti-Littering and Prohibiting Persons from Throwing any Refuse or Garbage, Spitting, Improper Urinating into Streets and Canal and Ordinance on Solid Waste Management. However, there is no significant difference in the level of implementation of environmental conservation practices in the Ordinance of the Use of Plastics Bags.

TEACHING EFFICACY AMONG PUBLIC HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS (HEIs) IN SULU

IJMERI — Mon, 19 Dec 2022 06:14:03 +0100

This descriptive-correlational study determines the teaching efficacy among public Higher Education Institutions during the Academic Year 2021-2022. With 200 teacherrespondents, and with the use of weighted mean, standard deviation, t-test for independent samples, One-way ANOVA, and Pearson’s r, the findings are. 1) There is a significant difference in the extent of teaching efficacy of college instructors of HEIs in Sulu when data are categorized according to age, civil status, and educational attainment. But there is no significant difference in terms of gender, length of service, and appointment status. Teachers who are 30 years old & above, separated, and with MA/MS degrees have better ways of assessing the level of confidence college instructors of HEIs in Sulu in their ability to guide students to success which includes helping students learn, building effective programs for students, and effectively changing student learning. 2) There is a very high correlation among the sub-categories subsumed under the extent of teaching efficacy of college instructors of HEIs in Sulu.

THE EFFICACY OF THE ONLINE EDUCATIONAL COMMUNITY

IJMERI — Mon, 19 Dec 2022 06:12:03 +0100

This study is intended to determine the efficacy of the teachers and students involving social, cognitive, and teaching presences to the Senior High School students of Saint Joseph College. This study utilized the descriptive survey design. Calderon (2006), defined descriptive research as a purposive process of gathering, analyzing, classifying, and tabulating data about prevailing conditions, practices, processes, trends, and cause-effect relationships and then making an adequate and accurate interpretation of such data with or without or sometimes minimal aid of statistical methods. The following major findings are: the status of the implementation of the online educational community is at a wellimplemented level as rated by the students and the teachers. There is no significant difference between the rating of the teachers and the students on the status of the implementation of the online educational community. It can be concluded that the implementation of the online educational community could not be indicative of the performance of the students. Since there is no significant relationship between the implementation of utilizing online education, online learning can still continue as a learning modality whether there is an ongoing pandemic or not because there might be other factors that affect the performance of the students. The mode of the teaching-learning process could not affect the performance of the students.

MODULAR DISTANCE LEARNING: A BLUEPRINT TO ENGLISH WRITING PROFICIENCY

IJMERI — Mon, 19 Dec 2022 06:10:03 +0100

Face-to-face learning engagement has been suspended due to the health crisis that affected the whole world. This led to the adaptation of modular distance learning to continue delivering quality education. As the transition continues, its effectiveness has been frequently assessed. The key purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between the level of implementation of modular distance learning and English Writing Proficiency among the senior high school students in Saint Joseph College Maasin City School year 2021-2022. The study employed a descriptive correlational design with 39 purposively chosen respondents. The main tools used in gathering the data were questionnaires, learning modules, and rubrics. Findings revealed that the implementation of modular distance learning (MDL) has an overall very satisfactory rating based on the perception of the students. The student’s perception of the implementation of modular distance learning and their writing proficiency is significantly related. Moreover, it revealed that students had difficulties in finding supplementary learning materials and educational support from home. The researcher recommends a set of guidelines for the successful and effective implementation of modular distance learning as the output of the study.

A FOCUS ON THE CONTEXTUALIZED LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS

IJMERI — Mon, 19 Dec 2022 06:08:03 +0100

This study aims to determine the factors that may affect in constructing the contextualized learning activity sheets based on the learners’ results and the teachers’ self-assessment using a descriptive correlation research design. The study's findings revealed that the teachers have varied levels of competence in terms of cultural knowledge; on average, they were at the Proficient level of competency. In addition, teachers’ self-assessments indicated that they strongly practiced the criteria in constructing contextualized IPED LAS. However, still at the Advanced Beginner level based on the learners’ results. It can be concluded that teachers are competent in handling IPED based on their profile and cultural knowledge, yet Advance Beginners in assessment skills. Teachers with higher educational qualifications improved their assessment skills. It is recommended that the regional and division IPED specialist should conduct quarterly training for teachers on the Indigenous Knowledge System and Practices (IKSP) and other IPED-related topics. Teachers may conduct indigenization mapping as part of the pedagogical strategy of handling IPED to encourage localization and indigenization of content. With the findings and results, the project ETASIP is made to aid teachers in planning for their assessment strategies.

Russian regions rating by the level of focus of VEТ-systems on the economy needs

Евгений Семенов — Thu, 08 Dec 2022 14:22:02 +0100

The relevance of this study is determined by the task of synchronizing the activities of the vocational education and training (VET) system in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation with the regions’ social and economic development needs. The object of the research is the regional practices of the VET system in the context of social and economic development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in which they are located. The purpose of the study is to develop a rating of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation by the alignment of their VET systems with the demands of the regional labor markets. The study used open source databases (websites of the government of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, educational authorities, professional educational organizations) and statistical information. Main results: Thematic indices and an overall rating are presented in the context of four groups of regions with different economic status for the 85 constituent entities of the Russian Federation, based on 7 Indices formed by groups of related indicators characterizing various aspects of the focus of regional VET systems on the social and economic demands of the region. As a result of comparing the current levels of VET systems’ alignment with the regional labor market requirements, significant correlations and dependencies were revealed between the values of various thematic indices in groups of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and across the general array of regions. Main conclusions. The uneven development and significant polarization of the regional systems of vocational education and training in Russia were recorded. The absence of significant correlations between the economic status of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and the level of synchronization of their VET systems with the regional development needs was revealed. It is shown that the rating values achieved in the regions are formed by different sets of metrics that make up thematic indices. The analysis of rating indicators makes it possible to determine the reserves and actual directions of synchronization of the activity VET systems of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation with the regional economy needs.

STIMULATION OF INVESTMENT ACTIVITY OF RUSSIAN CORPORATIONS IN THE FIELD OF HIGH TECHNOLOGIES: OPPORTUNITIES AND PROSPECTS

Евгений Семенов — Thu, 08 Dec 2022 14:07:02 +0100

The study's relevance is determined by insufficient elaboration of the theoretical justification and methodological approaches to the use of models of state support for the venture industry. The goal of the study is to develop a theoretical basis and methodological approaches to solving the problem of increasing the investment activity of state corporations and companies with state participation in venture capital. The research subject is the mechanisms for stimulating an increase in the venture capital of state-owned companies. The work used theoretical and empirical research methods, including content analysis of scientific literature, expert assessments, case studies, analysis of expert opinions. The key sources of information are Russian and foreign scientific publications, data from public authorities, and in-depth interviews with heads of investment departments of state-owned companies. The study results include reviewing the key trends in the corporate venture industry development in foreign countries and in Russia. Recommendations have been developed to stimulate the investment into venture funds by state corporations and companies with state participation. The conducted research allows us to draw the following conclusions. The state's role in regulating and stimulating the venture capital market is becoming more and more noticeable, and state entities are increasingly becoming the main initiators of the launch of Industry 4.0 support programs. Starting in 2018, Russian state-owned companies have been actively introducing new investment and non-investment mechanisms for financing technological and innovative development; corporate accelerators have been set up in every other state-owned company. It is shown that the key condition for the technological progress of state corporations is the development of internal entrepreneurship with a planning horizon of 10 years. The following challenges are identified as the main barriers to the development of investments in the corporate venture sector on the part of state-owned companies: weak adaptation of Russian legislation to the organization of financing of high-risk projects using state budget funds; unclear legal implications for the management of state-owned companies when making decisions on venture investments due to insufficient coordination between the government institutions; the complexity of using investment partnerships, the only organizational form directly provided by law for venture investment; restrictions on cooperation with universities and research institutes. An analysis of the innovation management and venture capital investment model using the example of Rostec State Corporation has shown that innovative development programs yield positive financial and strategic results and can be successfully replicated in the Russian environment. The scientific novelty is due to a comprehensive analysis of the use of the mechanisms for increasing investment activity in state-owned companies and the identification of best practices for the establishment and operation of special units and venture funds. As a recommendation, a set of measures is proposed to stimulate large companies to innovate and promote technological development by increasing venture capital within the implementation framework of government programs

Approach to assessing the effects of the high-speed rail development: world experience and prospects for Russia

Евгений Семенов — Thu, 08 Dec 2022 13:51:02 +0100

The transport industry is one of the key components of the Russian economy, not only generating a substantial amount of gross value added, but also ensuring the spatial connectivity of the country's territories. Acceleration of technological progress, introduction of new technologies in various industries require corresponding increase in cargo and passenger transportation, which implies speeding up the development of high-speed transportation, following the path most intensively developing countries took in the last decade. On the global scale, high-speed rail transport is confidently occupying a niche in the range of 400-800 km when organizing mass transportation and ensuring the shortest travel time. In Russia, high-speed rail service is just beginning to develop as part of the goals and objectives set forth in Presidential Decree No. 204 of May 7, 2018 and the Comprehensive Plan for the Modernization and Expansion of Mainline Infrastructure, the Program for organizing high-speed and high-speed rail service in the Russian Federation. At the same time, despite numerous studies of the quantitative effects of investment in transport infrastructure, the effects of high-speed rail service development have not been studied in practice in the domestic economic literature. This determines high relevance of such a study, as well as an assessment of the positive effects of the development of high-speed rail communication in Russia within the framework of scenario analysis. The purpose of the study is to develop an approach and conduct scenario assessments of the socio-economic effects of the development of high-speed railway communication in Russia. Main goals: a review of approaches to assessing the effects of HSR, analysis of strategic plans for the development of HSR in Russia, two-ways effects assessment: at the country panel and at the regional level in a simulation model. The research methods include economic and mathematical modeling and economic analysis based on model complexes built at RANEPA, particularly a prototype spatial simulation model of the Russian economy. The object of the research is the effects of the development of high-speed railway communication in Russia. Key results: based on cross-country data, it is shown that the development of both high-speed and express rail service contributes significantly to economic growth: the elasticity of GDP per capita for the length of high-speed and express rail lines is 0.029–0.036 and 0.042-0.048 respectively, for the presence of HSR - 0.125. Scenario analysis based on a simulation model also demonstrates an increase in population mobility, cost of living, and other indicators in the regions where HSR is projected to be built

RUSSIANS’ FOOD-CONSUMPTION PRACTICES UNDER THE RISING PRICES

Евгений Семенов — Thu, 08 Dec 2022 13:37:02 +0100

The relevance of the study is explained by its design to constantly monitor the state and risks of food security in Russia, the importance of such monitoring ever increasing with the pandemic and a resulting decrease in household incomes. The objective of the study is to examine the degree to which the Russian society has achieved food security, not according to government programs and strategies of national development, but regarding the economic affordability of food for the population. The subject of the research is the Russians’ everyday food practices and their perception of personal and family risks in food consumption. By 2020, a sociological monitoring model was developed and successfully tested, which is a combination of two methods – a representative telephone survey (nationwide sampling) and ‘expert’ interviews (the longest conversations of interviewers with respondents are transcribed in order to identify explanations in respondents’ answers to the questions of the standardized formalized interview). The results of the study (sociological data) supplement the statistical and economic assessments of the possibilities and limitations of the stable functioning of the internal market given the global economy shocks. The study allows a more accurate assessment of the state of the domestic market under the rising prices and the government’s attempts to limit them. Thus, we can make the following conclusions: the Russians’ inconsistent self-assessments of food practices can be explained by two factors – Russians not only assess their past and present food-consumer practices, but also compare their life situation with those around them; before the pandemic, the food assortment began to expand, and in the difficult social-economic conditions, exacerbated by the pandemic restrictions, food became almost the only source of a sense of ‘normality’ and of bright exceptions in the routine. In recent years, Russians have developed a stable model of food consumption, primarily due to the objective factors – the expansion and strengthening of retail chains, the rise in food prices and the exhaustion of households’ self-supplying strategies. Financial constraints, i.e. economic access to food, are the main threat to the food security situation in Russia. The scientific novelty of the study is the proposed interdisciplinary nature at the theoretical level (a combination of economic and sociological approaches) and methodological triangulation (quantitative and qualitative survey methods) at the empirical level. The proposed approach and the results of its application allow to recommend that the country’s leadership abandon its calls and attempts to stop the rise in food prices, which is somewhat late and ineffective, especially under the pandemic, and focus on a differentiated approach to increasing the economic access to food, instead of punitive measures restricting price growth.

ANALYSIS AND ASSESSMENT OF THE PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF EXISTING SPECIALIZATIONS OF RUSSIAN REGIONS

Евгений Семенов — Thu, 08 Dec 2022 13:28:04 +0100

The relevance of the research undertaken at RANEPA in 2021 is due to the fact that it is devoted to identifying perspective specializations of Russian regions, the targeted federal support of which will ensure the maximum effect in the growth of GRP, labor productivity, innovation activity and export volumes in the regions. The specialized types of economic activity of the regions are the subject of the study. To achieve the goal of determining the existing and perspective development of regional specializations, the following tasks were solved: a review of foreign and domestic experience in development of regional specializations was conducted, the author's methodological approach was developed, a comprehensive assessment of the specializations of the regions of Russia was carried out, and measures of their targeted federal support were proposed. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that three localization indicators (products shipped, number of employees and investments in fixed assets in 173 economic activity types) were used together for the first time to identify the specializations of the regions (based on Rosstat data for 2017-2019). A comprehensive assessment of the prospects for the development of regional specializations includes defining their national and regional significance, labor productivity, innovation, and export activity, and considers their impact on the region’s development based on sectoral multipliers in terms of gross value added and the number of employees. Research methods include systemic analysis, factor analysis, statistical analysis of regional features of sectoral development, index method, etc. Using the proposed approach, the results of the evaluation of perspective specializations for 35 regions (for priority geostrategic regions and regions with individual development programs) were obtained, for which a set of sector-wide and specific measures of federal support was proposed. The application of the author’s approach is recommended for informational and methodological support and increasing the effectiveness of the state regional policy of Russia.

INFLUENCE OF INITIAL COIN OFFERINGS ON TRADITIONAL WAYS OF ATTRACTING FINANCING

Евгений Семенов — Thu, 08 Dec 2022 13:18:03 +0100

The cryptocurrency market is currently continuing its growth and development, which is evidenced by the number of new projects on specialized resources, as well as the emergence of new ways of placing projects and raising funds. The aim of the study is to analyze the impact of the emergence of cryptocurrencies on traditional ways of attracting funding. The study is relevant because, as has been repeatedly noted in the existing literature, a significant part of cryptocurrency projects is similar to crowdfunding aimed at raising funds for startups. In this regard, cryptocurrencies can compete with traditional sources of financing, such as venture funding. The authors are not aware of any other work that studies this aspect of cryptocurrencies, which makes this topic relevant in terms of understanding the possibilities of aspiring entrepreneurs to attract initial funding. Using the methods of econometric analysis and data on initial coin offerings, IPOs and deals with venture capital companies, the authors studied the relationship between the emergence of cryptocurrencies and the conditions of traditional methods of raising funds. As a result, it was shown that the growth in the number of ICOs has a positive effect on improving the conditions for providing funds during IPOs and deals with venture capital companies

FEATURES AND RISKS OF THE DIVIDEND POLICY OF BRICS’ COMPANIES

Евгений Семенов — Thu, 08 Dec 2022 12:25:03 +0100

This work is focused on studying the impact of dividend policy on stock returns and capitalization of companies in the BRICS countries. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of dividend policy and differences across the BRICS countries and South Korea. The relevance of the work lies in the fact that the cross-country aspects of the dividend policy of companies and the possibilities of factor investment in the BRICS countries remain poorly explored. The objectives of the study include collecting the most representative sample of companies representing the stock markets of respective countries, analyzing the potential for applying dividend factor strategies, identifying similarities and differences in the countries' dividend policies; analysis of the long-term relationship between the capitalization of companies and their dividend policy. Research methods are based on modeling investment strategies, as well as the multivariate capital asset pricing models based on Bloomberg data. The scientific novelty of the study included an expanded sample of companies, collection of a unique database with multiple factors over a fairly long historical period, and the development of a new approach to research based on classical methods. The main results of the study include the fact that dividend payments were growing in most countries, and high dividends did not contribute to the growth of the companies' capitalization. The increase in dividend payments turns out to be beneficial for private investors, who receive a cumulative return above the market average in the long run. The best performing portfolios were those in the markets of Russia and Brazil. We revealed the dividend premiums in the markets of Russia, Brazil, India and South Africa, factoring in the company size and value. The main findings suggest that high dividends can help companies in the BRICS countries attract long-term investors, and this may be the main incentive for companies in implementing dividend policies. At the same time, this strategy is quite risky for the companies, since high dividend payments do not necessarily result in capitalization growth. A further direction of this study is to expand the sample of countries, increase the number of risk factors, increase the historical period for analysis, as well as to include more specific factors, since the topic of dividend policy has not lost its relevance for many decades, especially for developing countries.

PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF FINANCIAL SERVICES AVAILABILITY IMPROVENEBT IN RUSSIAN REGIONS

Евгений Семенов — Thu, 08 Dec 2022 12:16:03 +0100

The relevance of this study is related to the fact that every national financial system in the world has some degree of financially excluded population, and only the proportion of such population varies between countries or regions of a country. The importance of identifying the financially excluded population in Russia and its regions and developing a policy to reduce its proportion is an urgent task that will help develop the financial sector and address the most important social tasks outlined in presidential decrees. The purpose of the study is to develop a working definition of financial exclusion, conduct a study of financial inclusion in Russian regions and, based on its results, develop measures to increase the availability of financial services in constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The subject of this research is the quality of financial system of the Russian Federation. The research method or methodology is based on a comprehensive analysis of the systems for designing indicators of the availability of financial services developed by such international organizations as the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the Global Partnership for Financial Inclusion, the Alliance for Financial Inclusion, and their application, while taking into account the specifics and approaches to definition and measurement of the availability of financial services at the national level.

As a result of the work carried out, the international practice of increasing availability of financial services was reviewed, a methodological approach to studying the availability of financial services at the national and federal levels was developed and tested, and recommendations on increasing the availability of financial services in regions of Russia were given.

The scientific novelty of the research lies in the collection and analysis of unique data on the state of financial services availability in the Russian regions. The recommendations produced as a result of the study indicate the need for further improvement of the financial system in terms of its focus on young people, people with a low level of education and socially unprotected segments of the population (need for new products and services), increasing the level of financial literacy of population and ensuring its well-being.

The project was carried out as part of research work by the Laboratory for Structural Research of the RANEPA Institute of Applied Economic Research in 2021

Improving the risk management system for combatting trade-based money laundering

Евгений Семенов — Thu, 08 Dec 2022 11:59:04 +0100

The goal of the research is to improve the money laundering risk management system in international trade in Russia based on the analysis of the standards and recommendations of the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and the practices of the member countries of these organizations.

The research methodology is based on the use of methods of logical, systemic and comparative legal analysis and case studies from the relevant authorities’ practice. 

To achieve this goal, it is assumed that the following objectives will be accomplished:

- a review of FATF and OECD standards regarding the money laundering risk management system in international trade and analysis of the money laundering risk management system in international trade in foreign countries, including the USA, European Union countries (France, Germany), China, Singapore, etc.;

- determination of approaches to the creation of an effective system to combat money laundering in international trade, including introduction and development of risk-based approaches; 

- development of measures to improve the effectiveness of the anti-money laundering risk management system in Russia based on FATF and OECD standards by complying with AML/CFT legislation, developing internal interdepartmental and international cooperation for combatting money laundering in international trade, etc.

Based on the research, the following conclusions were made. Firstly, one of the ways to identify the risks of trade-based money laundering is the use of «red flags» - indicators for criminal activity recognition. Secondly, countries are actively using the interdepartmental information exchange tools in case of suspicious activity, conducting joint investigations at the national and international level. Thirdly, cooperation with the private sector is an important tool for combatting money laundering, for example, through the exchange of information or the creation of joint organizations, training of the private sector and public authorities. The results of the study include proposals for Russia on the development of risk-based approach tools for combatting trade-based money laundering.

This work was prepared based on the materials of research carried out under the State assignment of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration for 2021

Property Taxation of Individuals at Income and Wealth Inequality

Евгений Семенов — Thu, 08 Dec 2022 11:21:02 +0100

Since 2021 the Russian tax policy relies on greater use of progressive taxation in order to mitigate income inequality. In fact, personal income tax scale has been reformed; however, this measure is not enough to solve the problem because of disparities between rich and poor to be origin from wealth inequality to a large extent. So, there is a need to employ non-standard, innovative approach based on a reform of property taxation, such as the introduction of a wealth tax. The need to mitigate inequality determines the relevance of the topic, while the approach to its development determines its scientific novelty. The authors set the goal of increasing the fairness of taxation by shifting fiscal burden to wealth instead of income or luxury itself, with regard to Russian-specific environments. The goal incorporates, among other things, such objectives as analyzing the peculiarities of the Russian property taxation practice, identifying shortcomings in the design of taxes on movable and immovable property, summarizing the best foreign practice of wealth taxation and forming a list of constructive recommendations when using scientific methods of analysis, comparison, analogy, induction and deduction. Upon studying a wide range of information sources including statistical data, economic papers and relevant regulatory framework, it was concluded that property taxation contributes very little to personal income equalization and generally has weak effect on the Russian tax system progressivity; at the same time, the most promising scenario for solving the problem of inequality by tax means is to impose a wealth tax, which would be charged only on real estate, without affecting other assets such as bank deposits, securities, and vehicles. The recommendations refer to the applied part of the paper and are aimed at forming a tax reform procedure harmonized with the interests of taxpayers and adapted to the current real property tax design. The paper substantiates that at the initial stage of wealth taxation, priority should be given to the effectiveness of tax administration, which implies the continuity of many elements of the luxury tax in the wealth tax, including personal tax-free allowance at 300 million rubles and flat tax rate of 2%. However, tax base should be reformed and determined by the sum of cadastral values of individual immovable assets. Along with this, real property wealth tax is supposed to increase federal tax revenues (not municipal ones). The prospects of research in this field topic are related to the use of digital technologies in the administration of wealth tax that allow a reduction of compliance costs and preventing tax evasion

A method for communication between user materials during runtime in ABAQUS®

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 07 Dec 2022 09:33:42 +0100

The application of the Finite Element Method (FEM) has developed considerably in recent decades. While in the early days of the FEM only linear-elastic material models were available in commercial Finite Element (FE) programs, today non-linear and also damage-considering material models are offered. But even these are often not capable of correctly representing the complex material behaviour of modern composite materials. Therefore, FE programs often provide the users with the option of integrating their own material models into the simulation. These programs, often called "user subroutines" or "user materials", represent an intensively researched area in the simulation of material behaviour, which is reflected in the large number of publications on such developments (exemplarily see [1-14]). These material models often require a large amount of data values if they are introduced within the simulation model by finite elements [2]. Especially in the field of composites there is a need to use a separate "user material" for each constituent material. Since there is a mutual interaction between the components in real composites, it is obvious that this interaction must also be represented The 8th European Congress on Computational Methods in Applied Sciences and Engineering ECCOMAS Congress 2022 5 – 9 June 2022, Oslo, Norway PHILIP F. ROSE, LUKAS MÜNCH, MARKUS LINKE AND PETER MIDDENDORF 2 between the material models within a simulation in order to make accurate predictions about the material behaviour. To enable such an interaction between different material models in a simulation, a communication during runtime is required in which additionally needed data from the surrounding elements is exchanged between the user materials. In this paper, a method is presented to enable such information exchange during simulation runtime in the commercial FE software ABAQUS/CAE 2019 (Dassault Systèmes, Vélizy-Villacoublay, France) using external databases as well as structured global arrays and some built-in functions of the software. This allows the simultaneous application of several advanced user material models within one simulation and enable them to communicate during runtime, resulting in the possibility of making high accurate simulations of composite materials.

Impact performance of out of die UV cured pultruded profiles for vessel structures

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 07 Dec 2022 09:19:07 +0100

The main objective of FIBRE4YARDS project is to maintain European global leadership in ship building and ship maintenance, through implementation of the Shipyard 4.0 concept in which advanced and innovative FRP manufacturing technologies are successfully introduced. This project has received funding from European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement n°101006860.

Análise estática e dinâmica de estruturas de aço e madeira com seções genéricas e inércias variáveis em mísulas de voutes parabólicas

MIGUEL LIMA — Sat, 26 Nov 2022 04:54:03 +0100

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo realizar análises comparativas (dinâmicas e estáticas) em seções transversais genéricas com inércias variáveis em mísulas parabólicas. Para isso foi desenvolvido um programa computacional em linguagem FORTRAN 90/95 via Método dos Elementos Finitos, sendo seus resultados comparados com resultados encontrados na literatura. Logo, por meio dos resultados de deslocamento, aceleração e velocidade encontrados nas análises, foi possível verificar a influência do carregamento dinâmico no comportamento estrutural de vigas e pórticos. Levou-se em consideração o amortecimento da estrutura, denominado amortecimento proporcional ou de Rayleigh, envolvendo as propriedades do material, que nesta pesquisa foram utilizados o aço e a madeira. Os elementos analisados têm seções transversais genéricas com a inércia variando em mísula parabólica ao longo do seu comprimento, para que possam ser utilizados em projetos arquitetônicos cada vez mais inovadores.
Por fim, foi implementada a formulação correspondente ao Elemento Finito Tridimensional, que permite analisar estaticamente a estrutura com o elemento finito hexaédrico com oito nós (H8), elemento finito hexaédrico de vinte nós (H20).

On the existence of compression-only discrete force networks that support assigned sets of nodal forces

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 23 Nov 2022 12:48:14 +0100

We formulate a linear programming approach to the limit analysis of discrete element models of masonry structures. Numerical results show the ability of the given procedure to predict the limit value of the multiplier of variable horizontal forces, which are applied to masonry walls in association with a fixed vertical loading.

Intelligent Initiatives to Reduce CO2 Emissions in Construction

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 23 Nov 2022 12:47:56 +0100

Global warming is one of the most important environmental issues that threatens the living on this globe so far.

Seismic performance of dissipative automated rack supported warehouses

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 23 Nov 2022 12:47:42 +0100

In this paper, performance of dissipative reduced-section diagonals implemented in Automated Rack Supported Warehouses (ARSWs) is analysed. ARSWs are storage systems where the steel racks traditionally used to store goods only, constitute also the primary system of the building. Given the lack of a reference design code to design these structures as seismicresistant, and starting from a critical analysis of the current design approaches, a proper design strategy for these structures has been developed, which is based on the possibility to dissipate seismic energy in the bracings. However, the design of an over-resistant connection that would allow the yielding of the bracings is quite tricky due to the very low thickness of the elements usually adopted for these structures and is only possible by reducing the cross section of the profile. A wide experimental campaign is preformed to validate the behaviour of these diagonals, to be later implemented in the global numerical model of the structure to measure the effective performances of the case study ARSWs, both at local and global level.

Seismic performance of an innovative dissipative replaceable components bracing steel frame (DRBrC)

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 23 Nov 2022 12:47:26 +0100

The structural performance of a steel Concentrically Braced Frame (CBF) equipped with replaceable dissipative seismic components, called DRBrC, is presented. X-diagonal CBFs are an efficient structural solution for buildings in seismic prone areas, being conceived to dissipate the energy stored during the earthquake through plastic deformation of bracing elements; all the other components remain in the elastic field thanks to opportune design criteria. Of course, structural damages, even if voluntarily located in specific regions, need to be repaired after the seismic event to restore the functionality of the building, leading to relevant economic (and time) effort since the full replacement of damaged dissipative components is necessary after irreversible plastic deformations. Recently, research activities have been widely carried out to provide repairability of steel buildings by means of easily replaceable dissipative components. The Research Fund for Coal and Steel (RFCS) of European Commission, for instance, promoted and funded the research project DISSIPABLE Fully dissipative and easily reparable device for resilient buildings with composite steel-concrete structure', with the aim of designing, producing, optimizing and testing several dissipative components for steel structures having, as fundamental feature, the full repairability after the earthquake without impacting on other components. In the present paper, the seismic performance of a steel braced frame equipped with a specific typology of dissipative replaceable device at the ends of braces is presented by means of nonlinear analyses.