Artificial Intelligence as a Factor of Social Progress: Opportunities and Challenges

J. Asenjo, M. Murillo

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has rapidly evolved into one of the most influential forces driving social, economic, and cultural transformations globally. From its conceptual origins with Alan Turing’s work on computational machines in the 1950s, AI has progressed to being an essential aspect of modern life (Turing, 1950). AI's advancements in machine learning, natural language processing, and data analytics have expanded its applications, influencing various sectors, including healthcare, education, labour markets, and governance.
The public unveiling of powerful AI models like OpenAI’s ChatGPT exemplifies the extent of AI's capabilities, shifting its relevance from theoretical development to tangible impact on society. Although the discourse on AI often emphasizes concerns about job displacement, privacy, and ethical bias, it is equally critical to examine how AI can serve as a positive driver of social progress. This paper discusses AI's potential to enhance productivity, restructure labour markets, create surplus time, and contribute to social equality. It also delves into the ethical governance and educational reforms required to ensure that AI fosters social progress equitably and inclusively.

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